Amer-networks E5Web GUI Manual de usuario Pagina 9
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- Tabla de contenidos
- SOLUCIÓN DE PROBLEMAS
- MARCADORES
Valorado. / 5. Basado en revisión del cliente
List of Figures
1.1. Packet Flow Schematic Part I ............................................................................ 26
1.2. Packet Flow Schematic Part II ........................................................................... 27
1.3. Packet Flow Schematic Part III .......................................................................... 28
1.4. Expanded Apply Rules Logic ............................................................................. 29
2.1. cOS Core Firmware Structure ......................................................................... 112
3.1. VLAN Connections ....................................................................................... 169
3.2. A Simple Network with Loopback Interfaces ..................................................... 180
3.3. Components of Loopback Interface Setup ........................................................ 181
3.4. An ARP Publish Ethernet Frame ...................................................................... 188
3.5. Simplified cOS Core Traffic Flow ..................................................................... 194
4.1. A Typical Routing Scenario ............................................................................ 254
4.2. Using Local IP Address with an Unbound Network .............................................. 256
4.3. A Route Failover Scenario for ISP Access .......................................................... 263
4.4. A Proxy ARP Example .................................................................................... 270
4.5. The RLB Round Robin Algorithm ..................................................................... 281
4.6. The RLB Spillover Algorithm ........................................................................... 282
4.7. A Route Load Balancing Scenario .................................................................... 284
4.8. Virtual Routing ............................................................................................ 289
4.9. The Disadvantage of Routing Rules ................................................................. 290
4.10. The Advantage of Virtual Routing ................................................................. 291
4.11. A Simple OSPF Scenario ............................................................................... 297
4.12. OSPF Providing Route Redundancy ............................................................... 298
4.13. Virtual Links Connecting Areas ..................................................................... 302
4.14. Virtual Links with Partitioned Backbone ......................................................... 303
4.15. cOS Core OSPF Objects ................................................................................ 304
4.16. Dynamic Routing Rule Objects ..................................................................... 312
4.17. Setting Up OSPF ......................................................................................... 314
4.18. OSPF Over IPsec ......................................................................................... 316
4.19. An OSPF Example ....................................................................................... 318
4.20. Multicast Forwarding - No Address Translation ................................................ 328
4.21. Multicast Forwarding - Address Translation .................................................... 330
4.22. Multicast Snoop Mode ................................................................................ 332
4.23. Multicast Proxy Mode .................................................................................. 333
4.24. Non-transparent Mode Internet Access .......................................................... 345
4.25. Transparent Mode Internet Access ................................................................ 346
4.26. Transparent Mode Scenario 1 ....................................................................... 347
4.27. Transparent Mode Scenario 2 ....................................................................... 349
4.28. An Example BPDU Relaying Scenario ............................................................. 353
5.1. DHCP Server Objects .................................................................................... 364
6.1. Deploying an ALG ........................................................................................ 384
6.2. HTTP ALG Processing Order ........................................................................... 388
6.3. FTP ALG Hybrid Mode ................................................................................... 390
6.4. SMTP ALG Processing Order ........................................................................... 401
6.5. Anti-Spam Filtering ...................................................................................... 403
6.6. PPTP ALG Usage ........................................................................................... 409
6.7. TLS Termination ........................................................................................... 440
6.8. Dynamic Web Content Filtering Flow .............................................................. 449
6.9. Anti-Virus Malicious File Message ................................................................... 463
6.10. Anti-Virus Malicious URL Message ................................................................. 463
6.11. IDP Database Updating ............................................................................... 470
6.12. IDP Signatures ........................................................................................... 472
6.13. IDP Signature Selection ............................................................................... 472
7.1. NAT IP Address Translation ............................................................................ 491
7.2. A NAT Example ............................................................................................ 493
7.3. Anonymizing with NAT ................................................................................. 496
7.4. SAT Address Translation ................................................................................ 506
9
- Clavister cOS Core 1
- Administration Guide 1
- Table of Contents 3
- List of Figures 9
- List of Examples 11
- Intended Audience 14
- Screenshots 14
- Examples 14
- Highlighted Content 15
- Important 16
- Chapter 1: cOS Core Overview 17
- 1.2. cOS Core Architecture 22
- 1.2.3. Basic Packet Flow 23
- Note: Additional actions 24
- Apply Rules 29
- 2.1. Managing cOS Core 31
- Remote Management Policies 32
- 2.1.3. The Web Interface 33
- Lynx X8 G1 34
- Eagle E5/E7 gesw 34
- Wolf W3/W5 M1 34
- Virtual Series If1 34
- Multi-language Support 35
- The Web Browser Interface 35
- Interface Layout 36
- Using CA Signed Certificates 37
- HTTPSCertificate=HostA 38
- 2.1.4. The CLI 39
- Tip: Getting help about help 40
- Tab Completion 41
- Appending Property Values 42
- Object Categories 42
- Selecting Object Categories 43
- Inserting into Rule Lists 43
- Referencing by Name 43
- Using Unique Names 44
- Using Hostnames in the CLI 44
- InControl Domains 44
- Serial Console CLI Access 44
- Device:/> shutdown 45
- SSH (Secure Shell) CLI Access 46
- Logging on to the CLI 46
- Changing the CLI Prompt 47
- Device:/> commit 48
- Device:/> reconf 48
- Logging off from the CLI 49
- 2.1.5. CLI Scripts 50
- Executing Scripts 51
- Script Variables 51
- Error Handling 52
- Script Output 52
- Saving Scripts 52
- Removing Scripts 53
- Listing Scripts 53
- 2.1.6. Secure Copy 55
- 2.1.7. The Console Boot Menu 57
- The Reset Menu 58
- Device:/> activate 61
- IP=192.168.1.2 62
- Changing a Remote Access Rule 63
- Object Organization 67
- Listing Modified Objects 71
- 2.2. Events and Logging 73
- 2.2.3. Creating Log Receivers 74
- Memory for Logging is Limited 75
- Memlog Timestamps 75
- Disabling Memory Logging 75
- Message Format 75
- RFC 5424 Compliance 77
- Setting the Hostname 77
- The Severity Filter 78
- Log Message Exceptions 78
- 2.2.8. SNMP Traps 79
- 2.2.9. Advanced Log Settings 80
- 2.3. RADIUS Accounting 82
- STOP Message Parameters 83
- Messages are Snapshots 84
- Message Frequency 84
- Source IP Selection 85
- Further RADIUS Considerations 85
- Special Accounting Events 86
- 2.3.9. Limitations with NAT 87
- Maximum Radius Contexts 88
- 2.4. Monitoring 89
- TCP Buffer Statistics 90
- Rule Usage Statistics 90
- Interface/VLAN/VPN Statistics 90
- Pipe Statistics 91
- DHCP Server Statistics 91
- DHCP Relay Statistics 92
- General ALG Statistics 92
- SMTP ALG DNSBL Statistics 92
- Link Monitor Statistics 93
- Packet Reassembly Statistics 93
- IP Pools Statistics 93
- 2.4.3. The Link Monitor 94
- Link Monitor Actions 95
- Monitoring Multiple Hosts 95
- Link Monitor Uses 95
- IPsec Tunnels and HA Clusters 96
- 2.4.4. SNMP Monitoring 98
- The Community String 99
- Enabling an IP Rule for SNMP 99
- Remote Access Encryption 99
- Preventing SNMP Overload 99
- SNMP Advanced Settings 100
- SNMP Before RulesLimit 100
- SNMP Request Limit 100
- System Contact 100
- System Name 100
- 2.4.5. Hardware Monitoring 101
- Using the hwm CLI Command 102
- Note: Values for the W5 PSUs 104
- 2.5. Diagnostic Tools 106
- A Simple Example 107
- Re-using Capture Files 108
- Filter Expressions 108
- Downloading the Output File 108
- Combining Filters 109
- Compatibility with Wireshark 109
- Preparing Hardware 109
- Throughput Testing 110
- The -burnin Option 110
- 2.6. Maintenance 112
- The Upgrade Procedure 113
- 2.6.2. Auto-Update Mechanism 114
- Version Compatibility 115
- Operation Interruption 116
- Backup and Restore using SCP 116
- Device:/> reset -unit 117
- End of Life Procedures 118
- Checking Ethernet Interfaces 119
- Automatic Reconfiguration 119
- Forcing the Choice of Driver 119
- 2.7. Licensing 121
- Device:/> shutdown -reboot 122
- Lockdown Mode 123
- Causes of Lockdown Mode 123
- Ending Lockdown Mode 123
- SCP License Uploading 124
- Replacing Licenses 124
- Replacing Hardware 124
- HA Cluster Licensing 125
- Licensing with VMware 125
- Chapter 3: Fundamentals 127
- 3.1.2. IP Addresses 128
- 3.1.3. Ethernet Addresses 130
- 3.1.4. Address Groups 131
- 3.1.6. Address Book Folders 132
- 3.2. IPv6 Support 134
- EnableIPv6=Yes 136
- IPv6IP=wan_ip6 136
- IPv6Network=wan_net6 136
- The all-nets6 Address Object 137
- IPv6 Neighbor Discovery 138
- Proxy Neighbor Discovery 138
- IPv6 Usage Restrictions 140
- IPv6 and High Availability 140
- IPv6 and Transparent Mode 140
- 3.3. Services 143
- TCP and UDP Based Services 145
- UDP Orientated Applications 145
- Specifying Port Numbers 145
- Tip: Specifying source ports 146
- Specifying All Services 147
- 3.3.3. ICMP Services 148
- ICMP Message Types 149
- 3.3.5. Service Groups 150
- 3.4. Interfaces 152
- Interfaces have Unique Names 153
- 3.4.2. Ethernet Interfaces 154
- Note: Interface naming 155
- Address=10.1.1.2 159
- Showing Assigned Interfaces 160
- Setting Interface Addresses 161
- Enabling DHCP 161
- Ethernet Device Commands 161
- DHCP Settings 162
- DHCP_AllowGlobalBcast 162
- DHCP_DisableArpOnOffer 162
- DHCP_UseLinkLocalIP 162
- DHCP_ValidateBcast 162
- 3.4.3. Link Aggregation 165
- Distribution Methods 166
- Physical Switch Connections 166
- Setup with High Availability 167
- Setting the MTU Value 167
- 3.4.4. VLAN 168
- Port Based VLAN 170
- 3.4.5. PPPoE 171
- The PPP Protocol 172
- PPP Authentication 172
- PPPoE Client Configuration 172
- IP address information 172
- Dial-on-demand 173
- Unnumbered PPPoE 173
- PPPoE cannot be used with HA 173
- User authentication 173
- 3.4.6. GRE Tunnels 174
- GRE Security and Performance 175
- Setting Up GRE 175
- GRE and the IP Rule Set 176
- An Example GRE Scenario 176
- 3.4.7. Loopback Interfaces 178
- 3.4.8. Interface Groups 182
- Members=exampleIf1,exampleIf2 183
- 3.5. ARP 184
- The Expires Column 185
- Flushing the ARP Cache 185
- 3.5.3. ARP Publish 186
- ARP Object Properties 187
- Static Mode ARP Objects 187
- Publish and XPublish Modes 187
- ARP and Neighbor Discovery 188
- Multicast and Broadcast 189
- Unsolicited ARP Replies 189
- ARP Requests 190
- Changes to the ARP Cache 190
- Sender IP 0.0.0.0 190
- Matching Ethernet Addresses 190
- 3.6. IP Rules and IP Policies 191
- The Default main IP Rule Set 192
- Creating a Drop All Rule 193
- 3.6.2. IP Rule Set Evaluation 194
- 3.6.3. IP Rule Actions 195
- Bi-directional Connections 196
- 3.6.4. Multiple IP Rule Sets 197
- Loop Avoidance 198
- A Usage Example 198
- The main IP rule set 198
- The ExtraRules IP rule set 198
- 3.6.5. IP Rule Set Folders 199
- Object Groups and the CLI 201
- Editing Group Properties 202
- Adding Additional Objects 203
- Adding Preceding Objects 203
- 3.6.7. IP Policies 204
- Creating IP Policies 205
- 3.6.8. Application Control 207
- Enabling Application Control 208
- Using an Application Rule Set 209
- Application Content Control 212
- Extended Logging 214
- Data Leakage Can Occur 215
- Managing Filters 216
- Selecting All Signatures 217
- Signature Inheritance 217
- Risk Guidelines 217
- Application Control Licensing 218
- 3.7. Schedules 219
- 3.8. Certificates 222
- The Type Property 223
- The NoCRLs Property 223
- Certificates with VPN Tunnels 224
- Certificate Authorities 224
- Certificate Chains 224
- Validity Time 224
- Trusting Certificates 225
- 3.8.2. Uploading Certificates 226
- Graphical Interface Uploading 227
- Uploading Remote Certificates 227
- Using Uploaded Certificates 228
- 3.9. Date and Time 229
- Time Zones 230
- Daylight Saving Time 230
- 3.9.3. Time Servers 231
- Configuring Time Servers 232
- Maximum Time Adjustment 233
- 3.10. DNS 236
- DNS Lookup and IP Rules 237
- Dynamic DNS and HTTP Poster 237
- HTTP Poster Has Other Uses 238
- 3.11. Internet Access Setup 239
- 3.11.2. DHCP Setup 240
- 3.11.4. Creating a Route 242
- 3.11.6. Defining DNS Servers 245
- Device:/> dhcp -show wan 246
- 3.12. ICMP Ping 247
- Using the -verbose Option 248
- Specifying the Source IP 249
- Combining -srcif with -srcip 250
- Ping with IPv6 250
- Chapter 4: Routing 252
- 4.2. Static Routing 253
- A Typical Routing Scenario 254
- 1 lan 192.168.0.0/24 255
- 2 dmz 10.4.0.0/16 255
- 3 wan 195.66.77.0/24 255
- 4 wan all-nets 195.66.77.4 255
- 4.2.2. Static Routing 257
- Displaying Routing Tables 259
- The all-nets Route 260
- Routes to the Core Interface 261
- 1 core 192.168.0.10 262
- 2 core 193.55.66.77 262
- 1 core 224.0.0.0/4 262
- Setting the Route Metric 264
- Multiple Failover Routes 264
- Failover Processing 264
- Re-enabling Routes 265
- Route Interface Grouping 265
- Gratuitous ARP Generation 266
- Overview 266
- Enabling Host Monitoring 266
- Specifying Hosts 267
- HTTP Parameters 268
- Iface poll interval 268
- 4.2.6. Proxy ARP 269
- A Typical Scenario 270
- Setting Up Proxy ARP 270
- Automatically Added Routes 271
- 4.3. Policy-based Routing 272
- Routing Tables 273
- Routing Rules 274
- The Ordering parameter 277
- 4.4. Route Load Balancing 280
- RLB Resets 283
- RLB Limitations 283
- An RLB Scenario 283
- RLB with VPN 286
- 4.5. Virtual Routing 288
- Reusing Private IP Addresses 289
- VPN Tunnels are Interfaces 289
- Using Loopback Interfaces 289
- Routing Table pbr1 290
- Routing Table pbr2 290
- Routing Table main 292
- Routing Table vs1 292
- Routing Table vs2 292
- Ethernet Interfaces 292
- Loopback Interfaces 292
- Interface Groups 293
- IP Rules 293
- 4.5.5. Multiple IP rule sets 294
- 4.5.6. Trouble Shooting 294
- 4.6. OSPF 296
- The OSPF Solution 297
- A Simple OSPF Scenario 297
- A Look at Routing Metrics 298
- 4.6.2. OSPF Concepts 299
- OSPF Areas 300
- OSPF Area Components 300
- The Designated Router 300
- Neighbors 301
- Aggregates 301
- Virtual Links 301
- Using OSPF with cOS Core 303
- 4.6.3. OSPF Components 304
- Authentication 305
- 4.6.3.2. OSPF Area 306
- 4.6.3.3. OSPF Interface 307
- 4.6.3.4. OSPF Neighbors 309
- 4.6.3.5. OSPF Aggregates 309
- 4.6.4. Dynamic Routing Rules 310
- Usage with OSPF 311
- Specifying a Filter 311
- When to Use Export Rules 311
- Dynamic Routing Rule Objects 311
- 4.6.4.2. Dynamic Routing Rule 312
- 4.6.5. Setting Up OSPF 313
- Confirming OSPF Deployment 316
- 4.6.6. An OSPF Example 318
- Device:/as_0> cc area_0 320
- Device:/as_0/area_0> cc 320
- Device:/> 320
- 4.6.7. OSPF Troubleshooting 323
- The OSPF CLI command 325
- 4.7. Multicast Routing 326
- 4.7.3. IGMP Configuration 332
- 4.7.4. Advanced IGMP Settings 337
- IGMP Query Response Interval 339
- IGMP Robustness Variable 339
- IGMP Startup Query Count 339
- IGMP Startup Query Interval 339
- Enabling Transparent Mode 342
- Transparent Mode with VLANs 344
- Transparent Mode with DHCP 344
- Non-switch if1 all-nets gw-ip 345
- Scenario 1 347
- Scenario 2 349
- 4.8.5. MPLS Pass Through 354
- Note: Optimal ATS handling 356
- Relay Spanning-tree BPDUs 357
- Relay MPLS 357
- Chapter 5: DHCP Services 359
- 5.2. cOS Core DHCP Servers 361
- IPv4 DHCP Options 362
- DHCP Server Advanced Settings 362
- The DHCP Server Blacklist 364
- Additional Server Settings 364
- 5.2.1. Static IPv4 DHCP Hosts 365
- 5.2.2. Custom IPv4 Options 366
- 5.3. IPv4 DHCP Relay 368
- Max Transactions 369
- 5.4. IP Pools 371
- Advanced IP Pool Options 372
- Listing IP Pool Status 372
- DHCPServerType=ServerIP 373
- ServerIP=ippool_dhcp 373
- PrefetchLeases=10 373
- 5.5. DHCPv6 Servers 374
- DHCPv6 Server Setup 375
- Static DHCPv6 Hosts 378
- 6.1. Access Rules 380
- 6.1.2. IP Spoofing 381
- 6.1.3. Access Rule Settings 381
- Note: Enabling logging 382
- 6.2. ALGs 384
- 6.2.2. The HTTP ALG 385
- 6.2.3. The FTP ALG 388
- FTP Connections 389
- FTP Connection Modes 389
- The cOS Core ALG Solution 389
- Hybrid Mode 390
- Predefined FTP ALGs 391
- FTP ALG Command Restrictions 391
- Control Channel Restrictions 391
- Filetype Checking 392
- Anti-Virus Scanning 392
- 6.2.4. The TFTP ALG 398
- 6.2.5. The SMTP ALG 399
- Enhanced SMTP and Extensions 401
- 6.2.5.1. Anti-Spam Filtering 402
- Creating a DNSBL Consensus 403
- Tagging Spam 404
- Adding X-Spam Information 404
- Verifying the Sender Email 405
- Setup Summary 405
- Real-time Monitoring 406
- The dnsbl CLI Command 407
- 6.2.6. The POP3 ALG 408
- 6.2.7. The PPTP ALG 408
- PPTP ALG Setup 409
- 6.2.8. The SIP ALG 410
- Traffic Shaping with SIP 411
- SIP Components 411
- SIP Media-related Protocols 412
- SIP ALG Options 412
- IP Rules for Media Data 413
- SIP and Virtual Routing 413
- SIP Usage Scenarios 413
- Scenario 3 419
- 6.2.9. The H.323 ALG 423
- H.323 ALG features 424
- H.323 ALG Configuration 424
- 6.2.10. The TLS ALG 439
- Enabling TLS 440
- URLs Delivered by Servers 441
- 6.3. Web Content Filtering 443
- RemoveActiveX=Yes 444
- RemoveApplets=Yes 444
- Wildcarding 445
- URL=www.Clavister.com/*.exe 446
- Action=Whitelist 446
- 6.3.4.1. Overview 447
- Dynamic WCF Databases 448
- Dynamic WCF Processing Flow 448
- Dynamic WCF and Whitelisting 449
- Tip: Using a schedule 450
- DestinationPorts=80 451
- ALG=content_filtering 451
- Audit Mode 452
- Allowing Override 453
- AllowReclassification=Yes 454
- Event Messages 455
- Category 1: Adult Content 455
- Category 2: News 455
- Category 29: Computing/IT 459
- Category 31: Spam 459
- Category 32: Non-Managed 459
- Available Banner Files 459
- HTML Page Parameters 460
- Customizing Banner Files 460
- Tip: Saving changes 461
- 6.4. Anti-Virus Scanning 462
- Types of Data Scanned 463
- Simultaneous Scans 463
- Protocol Specific behavior 464
- Relationship with IDP 464
- The Signature Database 464
- Database Updates 464
- 6.4.4. Anti-Virus Options 466
- 3. Compression Ratio Limit 467
- Verifying the MIME Type 467
- 6.5.1. Overview 469
- Automatic Updating 470
- 6.5.3. IDP Rules 471
- HTTP Normalization 472
- Initial Packet Processing 473
- Insertion Attacks 473
- 6.5.5. IDP Pattern Matching 474
- 6.5.6. IDP Signature Groups 475
- Listing of IDP Groups 476
- Processing Multiple Actions 476
- IDP Signature Wildcarding 476
- 6.5.7. Setting Up IDP 477
- Using Individual Signatures 479
- IDP Traffic Shaping 479
- IDP Database Updating 480
- 6.6.1. Overview 481
- 6.6.2. DoS Attack Mechanisms 481
- 6.6.3. Ping of Death Attacks 481
- 6.6.6. The WinNuke attack 482
- 6.6.7. Amplification Attacks 483
- 6.6.8. TCP SYN Flood Attacks 484
- 6.6.9. The Jolt2 Attack 484
- Blacklisting Options 486
- Whitelisting 486
- The CLI blacklist Command 487
- 7.1. Overview 489
- 7.2. NAT 491
- Applying NAT Translation 492
- Protocols Handled by NAT 495
- 7.3. NAT Pools 498
- Stateless NAT Pools 499
- Fixed NAT Pools 499
- IP Pool Usage 499
- Proxy ARP Usage 499
- Using NAT Pools 499
- 7.4. SAT 502
- SAT IP Rule Properties 503
- The Role of a DMZ 504
- 194.1.2.20 512
- 194.1.2.30 512
- 7.4.5. Port Translation 514
- 7.4.6. SAT with FwdFast Rules 515
- 8.1. Overview 520
- 8.2. Authentication Setup 522
- PPTP/L2TP Configuration 523
- Specifying an SSH Public Key 524
- RADIUS Usage with cOS Core 525
- RADIUS Security 526
- The Primary Retry Interval 526
- Setting the Source IP 526
- Support for Groups 526
- 8.2.4. External LDAP Servers 527
- LDAP Issues 528
- Defining an LDAP Server 528
- LDAP Attributes 528
- General Settings 528
- Database Settings 530
- Optional Settings 531
- Bind Request Authentication 532
- LDAP Server Responses 532
- Usernames may need the Domain 532
- LDAP Authentication and PPP 533
- 8.2.5. Authentication Rules 535
- Connection Timeouts 536
- Multiple Logins 537
- 8.2.7. HTTP Authentication 538
- Forcing Users to a Login Page 539
- 8.3. ARP Authentication 542
- 00-0c-19-f9-14-6f 543
- HTTP Banner Files 544
- Uploading with SCP 546
- 8.6. User Identity Awareness 550
- Setting Up Identity Awareness 551
- Device:/> authagent 555
- Device:/> userauth -list 555
- Device:/> authagentsnoop 555
- Processing Sequence 556
- 8.8. Radius Relay 558
- Chapter 9: VPN 565
- 9.1.2. VPN Encryption 566
- 9.1.3. VPN Planning 567
- 9.1.4. Key Distribution 567
- 9.2. VPN Quick Start 569
- Interface Network Gateway 571
- Configuring IPsec Clients 574
- 9.2.7. PPTP Roaming Clients 578
- 9.2.8. iOS Setup 579
- 9.3. IPsec Components 581
- IKE Negotiation 582
- IKE and IPsec Lifetimes 582
- Lifetime Recommendations 582
- IKE Algorithm Proposals 582
- IPsec Tunnel Properties 583
- 9.3.3. IKE Authentication 587
- Disadvantages of Certificates 589
- AH (Authentication Header) 589
- 9.3.5. NAT Traversal 590
- UDP Encapsulation 591
- NAT Traversal Configuration 591
- 9.3.7. Pre-shared Keys 593
- 9.3.8. Identification Lists 594
- 9.4. IPsec Tunnels 597
- Returning Traffic 598
- Dead Peer Detection 598
- Using Autoestablish 599
- IPsec Tunnel Quick Start 599
- 9.4.3. Roaming Clients 600
- Using Config Mode 604
- IP Validation 606
- Local Gateway 606
- VPN Tunnel Negotiation 607
- Using ikesnoop 607
- The Client and the Server 608
- Explanation of Values 609
- Explanation of Above Values 612
- Step 6. Server ID Response 612
- IPsec Max Rules 614
- IPsec Cert Cache Max Certs 616
- IPsec Gateway Name Cache Time 616
- Enable AES-NI acceleration 616
- IPsec Hardware Acceleration 616
- DPD Metric 617
- DPD Keep Time 617
- DPD Expire Time 617
- Default: 15 seconds 618
- 9.5. PPTP/L2TP 619
- Troubleshooting PPTP 620
- 9.5.2. L2TP Servers 621
- L2TP Before Rules 626
- 9.5.4. PPTP/L2TP Clients 627
- 9.5.5. L2TP Version 3 628
- 9.5.5.1. L2TPv3 Server 629
- Using IPsec for Encryption 631
- Setup With VLANs 632
- IP=If3_ip 633
- LocalNetwork=If3 633
- Interface=If2 633
- ServerIP=If2_ip 633
- 9.6. SSL VPN 636
- SSL VPN with PPPoE 637
- Custom Server Connection 641
- Client Transfer Statistics 641
- SSL VPN Client Operation 642
- Client Cleanup 642
- 9.6.4. SSL VPN Setup Example 643
- 9.7. CA Server Access 646
- CA Server Access by Clients 647
- Turning Off validation 648
- 9.8. VPN Troubleshooting 649
- The ipsecstat console command 650
- The ikesnoop console command 651
- 2. Incorrect pre-shared key 652
- 4. Payload_Malformed 653
- 5. No public key found 653
- 9.8.6. Specific Symptoms 654
- 10.1. Traffic Shaping 657
- The Traffic Shaping Solution 658
- Traffic Shaping Objectives 658
- Pipe Rules 659
- Pipe Rule Chains 659
- The Incorrect Solution 664
- The Correct Solution 664
- 10.1.6. Precedences 665
- Tip: Specifying bandwidth 667
- Lowest Precedence Limits 668
- Applying Precedences 668
- The Need for Guarantees 668
- Differentiated Guarantees 669
- 10.1.7. Pipe Groups 670
- Another Simple Groups Example 671
- Dynamic Balancing 672
- VPN Pipe Limits 673
- Relying on the Group Limit 673
- Attacks on Bandwidth 674
- Watching for Leaks 674
- Troubleshooting 674
- 10.1.10. More Pipe Examples 675
- Using Several Precedences 676
- Pipe Chaining 676
- A VPN Scenario 677
- SAT with Pipes 678
- 10.2. IDP Traffic Shaping 679
- 10.2.3. Processing Flow 680
- 10.2.5. A P2P Scenario 681
- Viewing Hosts 682
- Viewing Pipes 682
- 10.2.8. Logging 683
- 10.3. Threshold Rules 684
- Rule Actions 685
- Multiple Triggered Actions 685
- Exempted Connections 685
- Threshold Rule Blacklisting 685
- 10.4. Server Load Balancing 687
- SLB Deployment Considerations 688
- Identifying the Servers 688
- 10.4.3. Selecting Stickiness 689
- 10.4.5. SLB Server Monitoring 691
- Monitoring Methods 692
- Polling Options 692
- Chapter 11: High Availability 699
- Licensing 701
- 11.2. HA Mechanisms 702
- Failover Time 703
- Shared IP Addresses and ARP 703
- HA with Anti-Virus and IDP 703
- Dealing with Sync Failure 704
- 11.3. Setting Up HA 705
- Installing a New Master Unit 708
- Problem Diagnosis 711
- 11.4. HA Issues 712
- Both Units Going Active 714
- IPv6 Support 714
- 11.5. Upgrading an HA Cluster 715
- Device:/> ha -deactivate 716
- HA Was: ACTIVE 716
- HA going INACTIVE 716
- 11.6. Link Monitoring and HA 717
- 11.7. HA Advanced Settings 718
- Chapter 12: Advanced Settings 720
- 12.2. TCP Level Settings 724
- TCP Sequence Numbers 728
- Allow TCP Reopen 728
- 12.3. ICMP Level Settings 729
- 12.4. State Settings 730
- Log Connection Usage 731
- Dynamic Max Connections 731
- Max Connections 731
- Other Idle Lifetime 733
- 12.6. Length Limit Settings 734
- Default: Enabled 736
- 12.7. Fragmentation Settings 737
- Failed Fragment Reassembly 738
- Dropped Fragments 738
- Duplicate Fragments 738
- Fragmented ICMP 739
- Minimum Fragment Length 739
- Reassembly Timeout 739
- Max Reassembly Time Limit 739
- Reassembly Done Limit 739
- Reassembly Illegal Limit 740
- Max Concurrent 741
- Max Size 741
- Large Buffers 741
- 12.9. SSL Settings 742
- TLS RSA EXPORT NULL MD5 743
- 12.10. Miscellaneous Settings 744
- Default: 512 746
- Subscription renewal 748
- Database Console Commands 749
- Querying Server Status 750
- Deleting Local Databases 750
- Appendix D: The OSI Framework 759
- Open Source Code Requests 765
- Alphabetical Index 766
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